Combining Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems for Selection of Landfill Site Location: A Case Study of Ogan Ilir Regency, Indonesia
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Keywords:
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Landfill Site Selection, GIS-AHP, Spatial Validation, Remote Sensing, Ogan Ilir Regency
Abstract
Landfill site selection in Ogan Ilir Regency presents significant challenges due to escalating waste generation and the risks associated with improper landfill siting. This research identifies and maps environmentally suitable locations for landfill development in Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia, through an integrated methodology that combines the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and remote sensing. Ten sub-criteria were established and categorized as physical, environmental, or socioeconomic, with each assigned a weight via pairwise comparison matrices. The resulting weighted spatial layers were analyzed using a weighted linear combination technique to produce comprehensive suitability models. The analysis classified the study area into three categories: less suitable (1.81%, 4,307.73 ha), moderately suitable (74.46%, 177,404.25 ha), and highly suitable (23.73%, 56,533.78 ha) for landfill development. The framework was validated using satellite imagery and adapted to local conditions, delivering a practical decision-support tool for regional planners and decision makers to promote effective and environmentally sustainable waste management strategies.
References
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Mussa, A. and K. V. Suryabhagavan (2021). Solid Waste Dumping Site Selection Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Spatial Modeling: A Case Study in Logia Town, Afar Region, Ethiopia. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 5(3); 186–198
Nanda, M. A., A. K. Wijayanto, H. Imantho, L. O. Nelwan, I. W. Budiastra, and K. B. Seminar (2022). Factors Determining Suitable Landfill Sites for Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of Jabodetabek Area, Indonesia. Scientific World Journal, 2022; 9184786
Nascimento, V. F., A. I. S. Loureiro, P. R. Andrade, L. A. Guasselli, and J. P. B. Ometto (2020). A Worldwide Meta-Analysis Review of Restriction Criteria for Landfill Siting Using Geographic Information Systems. Waste Management and Research, 39(3); 1–18
Ng’ang’a, T. M., W. P. Muturi, K. J. Wangai, W. T. Joash, and N. J. Matheri (2014). Solid Waste Dumping Site Selection Using GIS and Remote Sensing for Kajiado County, Kenya. Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, 4; 693–702
Oyedele, A. A., A. E. Omosekeji, O. O. Ayeni, T. O. Ewumi, and F. O. Ogunlana (2022). Delineation of Landfill Sites for Municipal Solid Waste Management Using GIS. Journal of Human, Earth, and Future, 3(3); 1–15
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Al-Hanbali, A., B. Alsaaideh, and A. Kondoh (2011). Using GIS-Based Weighted Linear Combination Analysis and Remote Sensing Techniques to Select Optimum Solid Waste Disposal Sites within Mafraq City, Jordan. Journal of Geographic Information System, 3(4); 267–278
Alhassan, S., A. A. Adamu, and M. T. Jimoh (2026). Spatial Optimization Methods for Waste-to-Energy Facility Siting: A Review of GIS-MCDA Approaches. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 73(1); 1–18
Asori, M., E. Dogbey, A. K. Morgan, S. T. Ampofo, R. K. J. Mpobi, and D. Katey (2022). Application of GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Making Analysis (GIS-MCDA) in Selecting Locations Most Suitable for Siting Engineered Landfills – The Case of Ashanti Region, Ghana. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 33(3); 800–826
Barakat, A., A. Hilali, M. E. Baghdadi, and F. Touhami (2017). Landfill Site Selection with GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation Technique: A Case Study in Béni Mellal-Khouribga Region, Morocco. Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(12); 413
Barzehkar, M., N. M. Dinan, S. Mazaheri, R. M. Tayebi, and G. I. Brodie (2019). Landfill Site Selection Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation (Case Study: SaharKhiz Region Located in Gilan Province in Iran). SN Applied Sciences, 1(9); 1112
Chabuk, A., N. Al-Ansari, H. M. Hussain, S. Knutsson, R. Pusch, and J. Laue (2017). Combining GIS Applications and Method of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (AHP) for Landfill Siting in Al-Hashimiyah Qadhaa, Babylon, Iraq. Sustainability, 9(11); 1932
Chandrappa, R. and D. B. Das (2012). Solid Waste Management: Principles and Practice. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Debalke, D. B. and T. E. Admas (2022). Solid Waste Dumping Site Analysis Using GIS and Remote Sensing: Bonga Town, Southwestern Ethiopia. Waste Management and Research, 40(7); 953–968
Dolui, S. and S. Sarkar (2021). Identifying Potential Landfill Sites Using Multicriteria Evaluation Modeling and GIS Techniques for Kharagpur City of West Bengal, India. Environmental Challenges, 5; 100243
Firda, A., R. Permatasari, and D. Lareza (2019). Operational Analysis of Waste Transportation in Sukarami District to Sukawinatan Final Disposal. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 3(4); 116–120
Guiqin, W., Q. Li, L. Guoxue, and C. Lijun (2009). Landfill Site Selection Using Spatial Information Technologies and AHP: A Case Study in Beijing, China. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(8); 2414–2421
Karthiheyan, P. N. and L. Yeshodha (2016). Site Selection for Urban Solid Waste Disposal Using Remote Sensing and Open Source GIS in Krishnagiri District, Tamil Nadu. IJIRST–International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology, 2(10); 1–6
Redjem, A., A. Benyahia, M. Dougha, B. Nouibat, M. Hasbaia, and A. Ozer (2021). Combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process with GIS for Landfill Site Selection: The Case of the Municipality of M’sila, Algeria. Revue Roumaine de Géographie / Romanian Journal of Geography, 65(2); 145–160
Saatsaz, M., I. Monsef, M. Rahmani, and A. Ghods (2018). Site Suitability Evaluation of an Old Operating Landfill Using AHP and GIS Techniques and Integrated Hydrogeological and Geophysical Surveys. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190(3); 143
Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision Making with the Analytic Hierarchy Process. International Journal of Services Sciences, 1(1); 83
Santisteban, J. A. Z., R. S. López, N. B. Rojas-Briceño, D. G. Fernández, A. J. Medina Medina, K. M. Tuesta Trauco, A. S. Rivera Fernandez, J. L. Crisóstomo, M. Oliva-Cruz, and J. O. Silva-López (2024). Optimizing Landfill Site Selection Using Fuzzy-AHP and GIS for Sustainable Urban Planning. Civil Engineering Journal, 10(6); 1698–1719
Sener, B., M. L. Süzen, and V. Doyuran (2006). Landfill Site Selection by Using Geographic Information Systems. Environmental Geology, 49(3); 376–388
Silva López, J. O., R. Salas López, N. B. R. Briceño, D. G. Fernández, R. E. T. Murga, D. I. Trigoso, E. B. Castillo, M. O. Cruz, and M. Á. B. Gurbillón (2022). Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for a Landfill Site Selection in Chachapoyas and Huancas (NW Peru): Modeling in a GIS-RS Environment. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2022; 9733322
Sisay, G., S. L. Gebre, and K. Getahun (2021). GIS-Based Potential Landfill Site Selection Using MCDM-AHP Modeling of Gondar Town, Ethiopia. African Geographical Review, 40(2); 105–124
Ur Rehman, A., A. Ahmad, Y. Sadef, and S. R. Ahmad (2024). Spatial Evaluation of Waste Disposal Site Selection Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Analysis: A Case Study of Dera Ghazi Khan District, Pakistan. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 56(2); 255–266
Yunis, C. R. C., R. S. López, S. M. O. Cruz, E. B. Castillo, J. O. S. López, D. I. Trigoso, and N. B. R. Briceño (2020). Land Suitability for Sustainable Aquaculture of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Molinopampa (Peru) Based on RS, GIS, and AHP. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(1); 28
Khosyi’ah, S. S. (2023). Buku Profil Perkembangan Kependudukan Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Tahun 2023. Pemerintah Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Ogan Ilir. In Indonesian
Magoura, A., S. Dehimi, and A. Redjem (2023). A GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Landfill Site Selection in the Region of Hodna, Algeria. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 10(4); 4709–4720
Moumane, A., J. Al Karkouri, and M. Batchi (2025). Utilizing GIS, Remote Sensing, and AHP-Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Optimal Landfill Site Selection in Kenitra Province, Morocco: A Step Towards Sustainable Development Goals. Discover Environment, 3(1); 1–20
Mussa, A. and K. V. Suryabhagavan (2021). Solid Waste Dumping Site Selection Using GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Spatial Modeling: A Case Study in Logia Town, Afar Region, Ethiopia. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 5(3); 186–198
Nanda, M. A., A. K. Wijayanto, H. Imantho, L. O. Nelwan, I. W. Budiastra, and K. B. Seminar (2022). Factors Determining Suitable Landfill Sites for Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of Jabodetabek Area, Indonesia. Scientific World Journal, 2022; 9184786
Nascimento, V. F., A. I. S. Loureiro, P. R. Andrade, L. A. Guasselli, and J. P. B. Ometto (2020). A Worldwide Meta-Analysis Review of Restriction Criteria for Landfill Siting Using Geographic Information Systems. Waste Management and Research, 39(3); 1–18
Ng’ang’a, T. M., W. P. Muturi, K. J. Wangai, W. T. Joash, and N. J. Matheri (2014). Solid Waste Dumping Site Selection Using GIS and Remote Sensing for Kajiado County, Kenya. Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, 4; 693–702
Oyedele, A. A., A. E. Omosekeji, O. O. Ayeni, T. O. Ewumi, and F. O. Ogunlana (2022). Delineation of Landfill Sites for Municipal Solid Waste Management Using GIS. Journal of Human, Earth, and Future, 3(3); 1–15
Rahmat, Z. G., M. V. Niri, N. Alavi, G. Goudarzi, A. A. Babaei, Z. Baboli, and M. Hosseinzadeh (2017). Landfill Site Selection Using GIS and AHP: A Case Study: Behbahan, Iran. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 21(1); 111–118
Authors
Febrim, D. V., Idarwati, Ibrahim, M. M. ., & Nurohim, D. (2026). Combining Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems for Selection of Landfill Site Location: A Case Study of Ogan Ilir Regency, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 10(3), 204-213. https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2026.10.3.204-213
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