Exploration of Weak Acid Solvent Usage in the Separation of Aluminum (Al) from Multilayer Plastic Waste
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Keywords:
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Multilayer Plastic, Delamination Process, Weak Acid Solvent, Aluminum
Abstract
Multilayer plastic waste is difficult to biodegrade, causing environmental problems. An alternative to processing multilayer plastic waste is to separate aluminum from the polymer using a delamination process with acid solvents. In this study, a combination of chemical (acid solvents), thermal (90oC), and mechanical (stirring at 300 rpm) methods was employed to evaluate the efficiency of delamination of multilayer plastic packaging. Several weak acid solvents, including acetic acid, citric acid, and formic acid, were tested at a concentration of 30% and a reaction time of 10 minutes. The method involved immersing cut multilayer plastic samples into acid solutions under controlled conditions, followed by filtration and drying to recover the aluminum layer. The best result was obtained using 30% formic acid, which successfully separated and recovered 0.940 g or 87% of aluminum from a 1.08 g multilayer sample. This process demonstrates an effective, relatively low-cost approach to enhance the recyclability of multilayer plastic waste, contributing to a more sustainable plastic waste management strategy.
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Bourgi, R., N. Kharouf, C. E. Cuevas-Suárez, M. Lukomska-Szymanska, Y. Haikel, and L. Hardan (2024). A Literature Review of Adhesive Systems in Dentistry: Key Components and Their Clinical Applications. Applied Sciences, 14(18); 8111
Cabrera, G., J. Li, A. Maazouz, and K. Lamnawar (2022). A Journey from Processing to Recycling of Multilayer Waste Films: A Review of Main Challenges and Prospects. Polymers, 14(12); 2319
Capk?n, I. Y. and M. Gokelma (2023). Characterization and Separation Behavior of Multi-Layers in Aluminum-Rich Waste Pharmaceutical Blisters. JOM, 75(11); 4672–4679
Creswell, J. and J. Creswell (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications
Diop, C. I. K., J.-M. Lavoie, and M. A. Huneault (2017). Separation and Reuse of Multilayer Food Packaging in Cellulose Reinforced Polyethylene Composites. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 8(1); 85–93
Haque, M. A., K. Candlen, A. M. Peterson, J. A. Ratto, and W.-T. Chen (2023). Degradation Behavior of Multilayer Packaging Films in the Presence of a Highly Acidic Sauce. Journal of Food Engineering, 340; 111318
Lahtela, V., S. Silwal, and T. Kärki (2020). Re-Processing of Multilayer Plastic Materials as a Part of the Recycling Process: The Features of Processed Multilayer Materials. Polymers, 12(11); 2517
Li, S., X. Yang, J. Hou, and W. Du (2020). A Review on Thermal Conductivity of Magnesium and Its Alloys. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 8(1); 78–90
Liu, B., Z. Xu, C. Fan, C. Cui, Y. Yao, M. Xiao, and W. Liu (2021). A Solvent-Free and Water-Resistant Dipole–Dipole Interaction-Based Super Adhesive. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 42(9); 2100010
Loukodimou, A., C. Lovell, T. Li, G. Theodosopoulos, K. K. Maniam, and S. Paul (2024). Formulation and Characterization of DES and Potential Application in Recycling Packaging Laminates. Polymers, 16(19); 2781
Nugraha, A. F., A. J. Naindraputra, C. S. A. L. Gaol, I. Ismojo, and M. Chalid (2022). Polypropylene-Based Multilayer Plastic Waste Utilization on Bitumen Modification for Hot-Mixed Asphalt Application: Preliminary Study. Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, Technology, and Education, 4(2); 157–166
Permana, M. A., H. Widjajanti, and D. Rohendi (2023). Biodegradable Plastics: Biodegradation Percentage and Potential Microplastic Contamination in Seawater. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 7(2); 74–79
Raos, G. and B. Zappone (2021). Polymer Adhesion: Seeking New Solutions for an Old Problem. Macromolecules, 54(23); 10617–10644
Rimšait?, A., T. Mumladze, and G. Denafas (2019). Feasibilities of Aluminium Recovery from Combined Packaging Waste. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 6(6); 103–111
Sanghvi, M. R., O. H. Tambare, and A. P. More (2022). Performance of Various Fillers in Adhesives Applications: A Review. Polymer Bulletin, 79(12); 10491–10553
Shanmugasundram, P. V., H. Prashanth, E. Jayamani, and K. H. Soon (2022). A Comprehensive Review on Dielectric Composites: Classification of Dielectric Composites. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 157; 112075
Singh, N., D. Hui, R. Singh, I. P. S. Ahuja, L. Feo, and F. Fraternali (2017). Recycling of Plastic Solid Waste: A State of Art Review and Future Applications. Composites Part B: Engineering, 115; 409–422
Soares, C. T. d. M., M. Ek, E. Östmark, M. Gällstedt, and S. Karlsson (2022). Recycling of Multi-Material Multilayer Plastic Packaging: Current Trends and Future Scenarios. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 176; 105905
Sánchez-Rivera, K. L., A. d. C. Munguía-López, P. Zhou, V. S. Cecon, J. Yu, K. Nelson, D. Miller, S. Grey, Z. Xu, E. Bar-Ziv, K. L. Vorst, G. W. Curtzwiler, R. C. Van Lehn, V. M. Zavala, and G. W. Huber (2023). Recycling of a Post-Industrial Printed Multilayer Plastic Film Containing Polyurethane Inks by Solvent-Targeted Recovery and Precipitation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 197; 107086
Tambunan, L., C. Mufrida, and D. Larasati (2024). Study of Mechanical Properties of Multilayer Composite Plastic Blocks With Various Materials. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 23(4); 1329–1338
Ügdüler, S., T. De Somer, K. M. Van Geem, J. De Wilde, M. Roosen, B. Deprez, and S. De Meester (2022). Analysis of the Kinetics, Energy Balance and Carbon Footprint of the Delamination of Multilayer Flexible Packaging Films via Carboxylic Acids. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 181; 106256
Usino, D. O., Supriyanto, P. Ylitervo, A. Pettersson, and T. Richards (2020). Influence of Temperature and Time on Initial Pyrolysis of Cellulose and Xylan. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 147; 104782
Wang, J., R. Wang, S. Nie, S. Guo, and X. Zhang (2024). Reversible Adhesive Film With Ultralow Dielectric Loss in High Frequency via Surface Anchoring of Catechol. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 16(40); 54645–54651
Wang, L., J. Yang, W. Cheng, J. Zou, and D. Zhao (2021). Progress on Polymer Composites With Low Dielectric Constant and Low Dielectric Loss for High-Frequency Signal Transmission. Frontiers in Materials, 8; 774843
Yan, D., Z. Peng, Y. Liu, L. Li, Q. Huang, M. Xie, and Q. Wang (2015). Optimizing and Developing a Continuous Separation System for the Wet Process Separation of Aluminum and Polyethylene in Aseptic Composite Packaging Waste. Waste Management, 35; 21–28
Zhang, F., Y. Zhao, D. Wang, M. Yan, J. Zhang, P. Zhang, T. Ding, L. Chen, and C. Chen (2021a). Current Technologies for Plastic Waste Treatment: A Review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282; 124523
Zhang, Y., Z. Liu, X. Zhang, and S. Guo (2021b). Sandwich-Layered Dielectric Film With Intrinsically Excellent Adhesion, Low Dielectric Constant, and Ultralow Dielectric Loss for a High-Frequency Flexible Printed Circuit. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 60(31); 11749–11759
Authors
Selpiana, S., Haryani, N. ., & Putri, R. W. . (2025). Exploration of Weak Acid Solvent Usage in the Separation of Aluminum (Al) from Multilayer Plastic Waste. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability, 9(3), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2025.9.3.98-104
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